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ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF VISUAL ART

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF VISUAL ART
Triveni Goswami Vernal
Registered Special Educator (A64010)

Visual arts refer to all forms of art that are primarily visual in nature. It includes painting, drawing, sculpture, ceramics, architecture, printmaking, photography, design and crafts. There are certain building blocks in the creation of an art piece, and these building blocks are called the Elements.


ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ART: Elements lend character to the art piece and make the art unique. There are 7 main elements of art—Line, Colour, Texture, Value, Shape, Form and Space.


1) LINE: The element of Line is considered to have an identifiable path, a moving dot in space. It can be horizontal, vertical or curved and its size may vary. “It is one-dimensional and can vary in width, direction, and length. Lines often define the edges of a form They lead your eye around the composition and can communicate information through their character and direction” (https://www.getty.edu/education/for_teachers/building_lessons/elements.html#).


2) COLOUR: The element of Colour refers to reflected light in art. The colour element in art includes several aspects such as Hue, Tones, Tints, Shades, Value, Saturation, Temperature and the Colour Wheel (https://artincontext.org/color-in-art/).
• Hue refers to the dominant colour family.
• Tones refer to the lightness or darkness of a given colour.
• Tints refer to a lighter version of colour, by adding white to it.
• Shades refer to a darker version of a colour, by adding black to it.
• Value refers to how dark or light a colour can be.
• Saturation refers to the intensity of a colour.
• Temperature refers to how warm or cool a colour is depending on its location in the Colour Wheel.
• The Colour Wheel shows the placement of colours on a spectrum and the relationship they share with each other on the spectrum.

According to the website Art in Context, the Colour Wheel was invented by Sir Issac Newton in the 1600s (https://artincontext.org/color-in-art/). According to the Colour Wheel, the
• Primary Colours are Red, Blue and Yellow
• Secondary Colours are Green, Orange and Purple
• Tertiary Colours are Red-Orange, Red-Purple, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Purple

Source: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/338966309431884066/



3) TEXTURE: It refers to how the art piece looks and feels to touch. It can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional.


4) VALUE: It refers to the brightness of colours. It can help in expressing various emotions or creating moods through the art piece. White has the lightest value, whereas Black is the darkest.


5) SHAPE: It refers to two dimensions—height and width, of the art piece. Shape can be defined by line, providing it with a contour (https://www.getty.edu/education/for_teachers/building_lessons/elements.htm).


6) FORM: It refers to three dimensions—height, width and length, of an art piece.


7) SPACE: “An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art.” (https://massart.edu/sites/default/files/Principles%20and%20Elements.pdf)



WORKSHEETS TO EXPLORE AND LEARN MORE ABOUT THE ELEMENTS OF ART:
https://www.kitchentableclassroom.com/elements-of-art-for-kids/
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/elements-of-art-information-posters-us-a-1656803292
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/t3-ad-2-formal-elements-tone-lesson-pack
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/t3-ad-9-formal-elements-line-continuous-line-lesson-pack
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/10-artists-children-should-know-t-tp-2682958
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/t3-ad-11-formal-elements-line-wax-resist-lesson-pack
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/visual-arts-elements-display-posters-au-c-2549098
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/elements-of-art-teaching-pack-us-a-1662324830
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/elements-of-art-color-theory-worksheet-us-a-1662322895
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/elements-of-art-colour-schemes-worksheet-za-ca-1666252328
https://www.twinkl.co.in/resource/elements-of-art-tints-and-shades-worksheet-us-a-1662323193
https://artprojectsforkids.org/elements-of-art-worksheet/
https://aspacetocreateart.com/blogs/a-space-to-create-art-blog/free-elements-of-art-worksheets-for-middle-or-high-school-art
https://homeschoolgiveaways.com/2019/11/free-elements-of-art-and-color-wheel-worksheets/
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/free-worksheets-for-elements-of-art-sketchbook-12768136


PRINCIPLES OF VISUAL ARTS: The Principles of Visual Arts are “balance, emphasis, movement, proportion, rhythm, unity, pattern, repetition and variety. They are used by artists as guidelines to control the use of the ‘Elements of Art’. They determine how the elements are used, the way they are combined, and their overall effect.” (https://www.turners.act.edu.au/our_curriculum/the_arts/elements_and_principles_of_art)


1) BALANCE: It refers to “the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. In symmetrical balance, the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different but still look balanced. In radial balance, the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar” (https://www.getty.edu/education/teachers/building_lessons/principles_design.pdf).
2) EMPHASIS: It refers to the principle of creating interest in the art piece…a point where the eye is drawn to.
3) MOVEMENT: It refers to the excitement, drama and the “creation of the impression of action in a work of art” (https://thevirtualinstructor.com/blog/movement-a-principle-of-art).
4) PROPORTION: It refers to the dimensions of the composition and the relationships that exist between the height, width and depth of the art piece.
5) RHYTHM: It refers to the “visual or auditory pattern create by repeated shapes, elements, colours, sounds, and movements. It is used to create a sense of flow and connection within a work of art, as well as draw attention to certain areas of the composition” (https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-rhythm-in-art-definition/).
6) UNITY: Unity refers to certain strategies in composition adopted by the artist to create a balance amongst all the elements in the art piece, such that it looks like a cohesive piece.
7) PATTERN: It refers to the “repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art” (https://www.getty.edu/education/teachers/building_lessons/principles_design.pdf).
8) REPETITION: It refers to reusing certain elements, like colour, texture, line, value, throughout a piece of work.
9) VARIETY: “Variety adds interest by using juxtaposition and contrasting elements within the composition. When an artist places different visual elements next to one another, he/she is using variety: Straight lines next to curvy lines. Organic shapes among geometric shapes. Bright colors next to dull colors” (https://www.purchase.edu/live/files/3467-activity-principles-of-art-unity-and-variety#).

WORKSHEETS TO EXPLORE THE PRINCIPLES OF VISUAL ART
https://www.purchase.edu/live/files/3467-activity-principles-of-art-unity-and-variety#:~:text=VARIETY%20adds%20interest%20by%20using,Organic%20shapes%20among%20geometric%20shapes
https://wcedeportal.co.za/eresource/73251
https://new.artsmia.org/programs/activities-for-self-guided-groups/worksheets/elements-and-principles
https://www.purchase.edu/live/profiles/3724-activity-principles-of-art-balance
https://www.purchase.edu/live/files/3333-activity-principles-of-art-balance
https://www.purchase.edu/neuberger-museum-of-art/neu-to-do-for-kids/
Thus, we see that to truly appreciate art, an understanding (however rudimentary), of the elements and the principles of art, can go a long way. It is important that we provide exposure to various forms of art as well as the building blocks of art, to the children, so that they can develop a keen eye for art, in all its forms.
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Author Triveni Goswami Vernal

Triveni Goswami Vernal is an Autism advocate, registered Special Educator (CRR A64010) and an Independent Researcher. Her areas of interest include Autism, Disability Rights, Gender, Art and Northeast studies. She is a mum to an 11 year old on the Autism Spectrum.

The author is Certified in Art & Ideas: Teaching with Themes, The Museum of Modern Art, 2022

Creative representation for this blog is done by our extremely talented CreativeSaathi associate Kabir Vernal

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changemakersaathi CreativeSaathi

CreativeSaathis- Welcome Post

Specialsaathi is glad to announce a new initiative under our bloggersaathi category- CreativeSaathi

Creative lead for CreativeSaathi initiatives is Ms.Heena Sahi.

–>>CreativeSaathi is our new initiative which is the daily blogging of Artworks.
By seeing such an overwhelming response from all the little children and from their parents we have decided to extend our support and to provide a daily platform to all the budding artists.

–>>Please note you need to send your original artworks with all the details(specifications of the artwork etc)description, topic if any etc.
Email – shilpi@specialsaathi.com
And copy the mail to
heenasahi97@gmail.com

–>>Artwork can be a poster, or art done on sheets, canvas, fabric, different objects(bubblewraps, ice-cream stick, utensils, vases, stones, etc)

–>> It could also be any craft-work (like creating a best out of waste concept from the household stuff)

–>> Why Artworks or CreativeSaathi??
Because– Art is a form of expression which is in-built in most of our children, it comes naturally to them. So by using this mode of expression our children can:-

  1. Give their message to the world/people around.
  2. They express their feelings of happiness, sadness, anger, anxiety, shock, grief etc
  3. They can frame their affirmations- like framing an affirmation to be healthy, or to be happy, or build confidence, to be self aware.
  4. They can create a lot of awareness through their creatives and art.
  5. They can showcase their talent.
  6. This initiative could lead them to independence, recognition and employment opportunities by creating a platform having a worldwide audience.

So, all the best to one and all!!

CreativeSaathi associates

Specialsaathi is thrilled to welcome 4 CreativeSaathi associates on board. They are young, energetic, full of unique ideas, renowned artists, professionally inclined towards Arts. We are extremely proud of each one of them.

1. Ansh Batra, 15 years, Gurgaon

2. Vinayak Raj, 12 years, Greater Noida

3. Morpheus Nag, 15 years, Chandigarh

4. Kabir Vernal, 11 years, Hyderabad

We will be associating their creative work on our website. We will also act as an unique platform to showcase their talent and expertise.

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Art Exhibition CreativeSaathi

Welcome to the Specialsaathi’s Online Art Exhibition 2022

I m grateful to Shilpi for giving me the opportunity to be a part of the art competition. Each art work was beautiful so judging it was not easy. As such every art created is a wonder in itself . Thank you once again – Monika Saroch (Judge of the SpecialSaathi Children’s day Art competition)

Loved the originality and uniqueness of the artworks. Beautiful paintings by all the children. Thank you for providing this platform to the budding artists. – Jaya Mulraj (Judge of the SpecialSaathi Children’s day Art competition)

Congratulations to all the budding artists for putting efforts in participating.
None of them is less than a masterpiece for me, I wish you all love and blessings ❤️ – Anshul Batra (coordinator of the SpecialSaathiChildren’sdayArt competition)

Congratulations kids!
Participating in an event itself is an accomplishment, and you crossed that hurdle, went further and won the prize!
You have made not only yourself and your parents proud but to the whole community and esp your peers!
Keep going and God Bless you all! Shinjita Pant (Coordinator of the SpecialSaathi Children’s Day online event)

Kudos to all the kids for creating beautiful and mature artwork! Love the way parents shared their child’s work and connected with us. Lots of love and blessings. Shilpi Mayank Awasthi

FREE ENTRY TO THE SpecialSaathi ART EXHIBITION 2022……..….Click here

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CreativeSaathi specialsaathi

Winners of the SpecialSaathi Art competition 14th November 2022

Winners of category I
Age group- 6 to 12 years

First position- Lavanya Iyer, 9years, Gurgaon, Radha Krishna

1st position – Lavanya Iyer, 9years, Gurgaon. Painting – Radha Krishna

Feed back by jaya Mulraj– she has tried to put many things in it, its very innovative and original.

Feedback by Monika Saroch– I like the originality of the work. It is pure, innocent and depicts emotions beautifully.

First position- Manasi Deverkonda, 9years, Gurgaon, Time flies

1st position-:Maanasvi Deverkonda, 9 years Gurgaon. Painting- Time flies.

Feed back by Monika saroch – Lovely texture and effects. Neatly done. Theme is executed beautifully
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Its clean and quite unique painting.

Second position- Kabir Vernal, 11years, Hyderabad, Lollipop forest

2nd position– Kabir Vernal. 11 years, Hyderabad, Painting- Lollipop forest

Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– very clean and use of vibrant colors.
Feedback by Monika Saroch – nice and clean

Third position- Vishishtha Parashar, 6 years

3rd position– Vishishtha Parashar, 6 years 10 months, Delhi. Painting- Abstract art


Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– nice balance of colours
Feedback by Monika Saroch– Lovely colours; there is harmony and balance in the painting

Third position- Prajakta Dey, 12 years

3rd position– Prajakta Dey
12 years, Mysore

Feedback by Monika Saroch– nice effort
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Neat and clean painting with glitter

Winners of Category II
Age group 12+ to 18 years

1st position– Morpheus Nag
Age 15, Chandigarh


Feedback by Monika Saroch– The drawing skills are excellent, it’s a masterpiece.
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj-
Mind blowing painting

Second position- Dhrov Tikoo, 14 years

2nd position– Dhrov Tikoo
14 years, Delhi

Feedback by Monika Saroch– mature work, beautifully done.
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Nice artwork

Second position- Nikhil Thotam, 15 years

2nd position– Nikhil Thotam
15 years, New Jersey, USA. Painting- Abstract flaming.


Feedback by Monika Saroch– Harmony of the colours makes it striking
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Beautiful color combination with beautiful picture.

Third position- Shikhar Asthana, 15 years

3rd position: Shikhar Asthana, 15 years Noida.


Feedback by Monika Saroch– its a lovely work.
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Good effort.

Third position- Shubh Pathak, 14 years

3rd position: Shubh Pathak, 14 years, Greater Noida
Feedback by Monika Saroch– Lovely work
Feedback by Jaya Mulraj– Nice, shiny work with good finishing.

Feedback from the coordinators for all the participants

Congratulations to all the budding artists for putting efforts in participating.
None of them is less than a masterpiece for me, I wish you all love and blessings ❤️ Anshul Batra

Kudos to all the kids for creating beautiful and mature artwork! Love the way parents shared their child’s work and connected with us. Lots of love and blessings. Shilpi Mayank Awasthi

Congratulations all the winners!! The winning entries will be featured in the specialsaathi annual calendar 2023. It will be out in January 2023.

There will be an online Art exhibition tomorrow on our website which will feature all the wonderful artworks sent by our budding artists during the competition.

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parentsaathi Resources

“All the world’s a stage…”

and we all are merely role-playing, we all have our parts sometimes defined sometimes not. We all have stories to tell.

With stories, we can understand perspectives, we can understand the environment, how characters understand and react with the environment. In a nutshell, Storytelling is “Experience taking”.

With our kids, we can achieve so much with it. We can do

  • Art and Craft like puppets
  • Drama
  • movement
  • Retelling same story in your words
  • Role playing of characters; dressing up as favourite characters
  • teach Sequencing
  • teach academics

We made puppets of the story “The little Red Hen”. We coloured the characters, cut them and pasted on wooden spoon to make puppets, which we are going to use in Role-playing of the characters.

Each one of us have taken a puppet and role-played those characters. Each character made its sound and actions like meow/quack-quack. The story I chose has very few words keeping in mind not to overwhelm anyone.

Adding movement to stories is a great way to move and learn. Today, we were reading a story and a character tiptoed around the room as the other one was sleeping. We immediately got up and enacted the part. We started tiptoeing around the house, sometimes talking loudly and sometimes quietly as if someone is sleeping or my husband working so tiptoeing in his room so that he doesn’t get disturbed. It was so much fun.

Drama is one of the oldest ways of Storytelling. What’s will be life without some stories and certainly, not a better way to connect with each other. Each new day brings new ways to play our roles, have our exchanges. So, lets choose a story and let the drama begin.